Small Doses - Pesticides News No. 34

Some of our residues are missing
The UK Central Science Laboratory (CSL) may have under-estimated the levels of some pesticide residues in fruit and vegetables. New tests show that between 20-90% of the pesticides sought may have gone undetected. 
    Scientists at CSL (who routinely check for adulteration) have discovered that several pesticides may give false low readings when tested. For example, current analysis does not detect the fungicide chlorothalonil in onions.
    In a normal monitoring test, analysts chop up samples before analysis. At CSL, they now think that the chopping process releases enzymes or other substances which then degrade pesticide residues. A new test called cryogenic milling, where the sample is frozen, has been carried out at CSL. This process minimises pesticide decomposition allowing for the analysis of previously undetected, or partially detected, residues. Scientists at CSL have now adopted cryogenic milling as standard, and are urging European labs to follow suit.
Chemistry & Industry, 18 November 1996.

Amateurs using professional products?
The UK government may change its rules to allow amateur gardeners to buy pesticides at present only available to professional users. The view is that consumers are sufficiently familiar with the use of these chemicals formerly considered unsafe for amateurs.
    The consumer publication Gardening Which? commented: "We welcome more effective pest controls but not at the cost of increased risks to health or the environment and have alerted the Pesticides Safety Directorate to a number of our concerns." Even when advised to do so, many gardeners will not wear protective equipment such as rubber gloves and goggles. Chemicals can also easily drift into neighbouring gardens and pose a risk to bystanders, the publication concludes.
Gardening Which?, December 1996.

Illegal pesticides in Germany
Dr Koch of the Institute of Pest Control in Westfalen-Lippe has raised concerns about cheap imitation pesticides coming into Germany from Eastern Europe. Illegal traders also regularly import pesticides from countries such as France, Holland, Belgium and Luxembourg, where the valued added tax is much lower. In total, the illegal imports could amount to one-third of the total German market.
    Whilst many of the products are similar to their German equivalents (although the label may not be in German), pesticides coming from Eastern Europe may contain an unknown quantity and quality of pesticide active ingredient.
Pestizid Brief, PAN Germany, 7/96.

BSE study puts squeeze on low in-put research
UK research into some less intensive farming projects will be cut by 20% because of the BSE crisis, according to the Institution of Professionals, Managers and Specialists (IPMS). The scientists working at the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) claim the government has provided no new cash to fund an increase in the BSE research budget that was boosted by £1 million for 1996-97.
    The Institute for Grassland and Environmental Research (IGER), for example, has had to cut some projects previously endorsed by the Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food (MAFF) for funding up to the year 2000. IGER expects to lose more than £1 million in MAFF commissions, particularly affecting livestock and grassland programmes.
    Tony Bell, IMPS national officer criticised this switch of MAFF funding as: "short-sighted in the extreme. BSE was caused by over-intensive food production methods of precisely the kind which BBSRC research is working to minimise."
IMPS press release, 29 October 1996.

New dips affect river life
Insects and young fish are being wiped out in Cumbria (NE England) by new sheep dips introduced because they are less harmful to humans. The Environment Agency has reported an increase in pollution incidents that had destroyed flies and their larvae, on which fish depended for food.
    Cases have risen since farmers began using the synthetic pyrethroid dips which are 100 times more toxic to aquatic life than the organophosphate chemicals they replace. The Scottish Environment Agency has warned farmers they face jail or a fine up to £20,000 for pollution if they do not dispose of the dips properly.
Daily Telegraph, 16 November 1996.

Baby food worries
A survey among buyers of organic baby food revealed that the vast majority of respondents are worried about quality issues relating to baby food, including pesticide residues in food. A total of 96% said pesticide residue levels in commercial baby food should be more strictly controlled than that for adult food.
Hipp Organic Baby Food, October 1996.

[This article first appeared in Pesticides News No. 34, December 1996, page 19]