Low input update

A number of on-going initiatives aim to reduce pesticide use. We report here on recent developments in these areas.

LEAF audit re-launch
LEAF  (Linking Environment and Farming) allows farmers to develop integrated crop management. Backed by the pesticides industry, it currently has 24 demonstration farms that receive 5,000 visitors per year.
   
The main yardstick for measuring the effectiveness of LEAF has been a self assessment audit carried out by the farmers. In 1996, 110 farmers carried out the LEAF audit that included an area of 47,702 ha. This accounts for 0.5% of UK farmland and 0.8% of UK arable land. Most (95%) were arable farmers. After analysing the audits, LEAF produced a list of 14 'priorities for action,' a number of which related to pesticides:

In April LEAF re-launched the audit in an attempt to make it more user-friendly. The new audit has seven modules allowing farmers to concentrate on key areas.
    The journal Farmers Weekly commented farmers may feel that they need more guidance, especially about the use of non-chemical pest control and practices to encourage biodiversity and natural biological control.

Focus on Farming Practice
Focus on Farming Practice (FOFP) project, set up by CWS Agriculture (the UK's largest farming enterprise), has released new results. FOFP compares integrated practices with conventional arable farming, and attempts to reduce pesticide and other inputs. During 1996, the conventional crop received 28 doses in the season. However, with management input and practical field experience the amount of active ingredient applied was equivalent to only 18 doses, a 36% reduction over the manufacturer's recommended rate.

LIFE project
At a recent Society of Chemical Industry meeting, Dr Vic Jordan of Long Ashton Research Station presented his latest results from the LIFE (Less Intensive Farming and Environment) pilot farm project. For the 1995-96 season, the integrated arable system used 56% less herbicides, 77% less fungicides, 72% less insecticides and 100% less plant growth regulators compared with a conventional system. The profitability of the integrated lower input system was increased by 5%.
    At the same meeting, Dr David Glen of Long Ashton discussed the difficulty of identifying the effects of pesticides on invertebrate natural enemies. He said: "Broad spectrum insecticides and mollusicides applied in the autumn have been shown to reduce numbers of predators (of pests) active in the soil surface." This means farmers will find it difficult to make environmentally optimum pesticide choices. (DB)

[This article first appeared in Pesticides News No. 36, June 1997, page 14]