Small Doses - Pesticides News No. 25

Hoechst Philippines case thrown out
The long legal struggle between Dr. Romeo Quijano, of the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, and Hoechst Far East Marketing—reported in PN 24, p. 11—has been dismissed by Judge Roberto Diokno of the Makati Regional Trial Court. Dr. Quijano had discussed the health impact of Hoechst’s product, endosulfan. The Philippine News and Features (PNF), and its editor and reporter, had also been named by Hoechst in the action, for publishing Dr. Quijano’s views. The law suit had angered many groups in the Philippines, where endosulfan use has been a matter of intense concern, and they believe it important to discuss the health implications of the pesticide without fear of prosecution by a powerful corporate body.
    The court dismissed the P22 million (US$814,000) civil suit, ruling that there was no libellous imputation, and said the news item “is clearly a matter of high public concern and interest, and therefore comes under the protective mantle of press freedom.”  He cleared the defendants of malice, pointing out that Hoechst was not even identified in the article.
    Hoechst has 15 days in which to appeal. While the suit was pending, the Fertiliser and Pesticide Authority banned the use of most endosulfan formulations  and several other pesticides from 1 June.

PNF, 29/8/94.

Weedkillers may promote pests
A new report from Denmark suggests that the use of certain herbicides promotes mildew and greenfly, thereby encouraging the use of other agents against fungi and insects. The investigation covered the herbicide isoproturon and the growth regulator ethephon. In winter wheat, the use of isoproturon seemed to encourage mildew, and the situation deteriorated as dosage increased. Both isoproturon and ethephon had a profound effect on the reproductive capacity of greenfly, particularly in barley fields. The Danish researchers say that it is, however, difficult to make generalisations. For example, isoproturon has no apparent effect on winter barley.
    According to the Danish EPA, the approval of pesticides generally does not require documentation on the side effects on pests other than the immediate target organism.

Niels Møller Madsen, Danish Environment, Copenhagen, 1994.

Toxic leak at UK airport
In June, 45 people were taken to hospital following a leak of the pesticide chloropicrin from 22 20-litre drums a mile from Gatwick airport, London, passenger terminals. In an incident within the next 24 hours, 250 people were evacuated from the airport after a second insecticide leak.

The Independent 25/6/94.

Mink coated with organochlorines
Research from Spain on European mink has shown them to be  affected by PCBs and DDT. While only four mink were analysed this is the first such data to be collected. Average levels of PCBs found were at 118 micrograms per gram in muscle and 112 in liver fat. These results have raised concern because tests on captive American mink exposed to these organochlorines have indicated reproductive failure at 50 micrograms per gram of fat. Levels of DDT fluctuated making it difficult to draw firm conclusions.

Ambio, 23/4-5, July 1994, 294-295pp.

Bird populations—ups and downs
A two year study by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) in the UK shows that set-aside fields held more than four times more skylarks, greenfinches, linnets, yellowhammers and goldfinches than any other type of field in winter. Set-aside is a winter life-line for a number of farmland birds, say the RSPB. Meanwhile, the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) surveys show a loss of three-quarters of the corn bunting population since 1973. Increased pesticide use is cited as a possible cause.

RSPB, 25/8/94 and BTO News May/June 1994.

Kenya’s pyrethrum market challenged
Pyrethrum, a natural insecticide extracted from a rare species of chrysanthemum, is grown as a cash crop by 40,000 small-scale farmers in Kenya. Traditionally, they have produced 60-70% of the world market of about 20,000 tonnes a year. Their market may face a challenge from large-scale farmers in Tasmania. In collaboration with Commonwealth Industrial Gasses (a subsidiary of British Oxygen Group), 15 trials are being conducted on the viability of intensive production, using high quality clones.

Financial Times, 2/6/94.

[This article first appeared in Pesticides News No. 25, September 1994, page 15]